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An undergraduate thesis is a one-year, closely supervised research experience that culminates in the production of a Masters Degree level thesis.
Robert Tillery, 2006
The “culture wars” are battles over ideological differences that are linked to several social psychological constructs. The present study was designed to employ a multiple measure to discriminate between individuals who hold left or right worldview positions. A Religiosity scale, an Economic scale, and Tompkins polarity scale were used to assess ideological worldviews. The present study also sought to understand culture was ideology from the perspective of Terror Management Theory (TMT). The study employed a Mortality Salience (MS) experimental procedure to investigate the effects of MS on polarization of culture wars beliefs. 85 male and female subjects, with a mean age of 19.3, participated in the study. Analyses concerning MS failed to produce expected polarization, however; analyses were successful in identifying and separating the two ideological worldviews and in doing so found a distinct difference in the factors that influence the specific domains of the culture wars. A patter of relationships among worldview measures and components of the “culture wars” was found that revealed a multifaceted explanation or worldview ideology.
Byron Wine, 2005
The effects of self-monitoring on high school marksmen were investigated. Three high school marksmen were chosen, and a self-monitoring intervention was implemented that required the marksmen to record each shot on a small target directly after it was fired. The results demonstrated that self-monitoring was not effective in raising marksmanship scores; however, an unexpected decrease in variability was witnessed in one of the marksmen.
Reylissa Miranti, 2005
The present study investigated the effects of priming individualism and collectivism on attitudes toward advertisements. Advertisements utilizing individualist or collectivist strategies were shown to participants from the United States and from India before and after an individualist or collectivist self-prime. Three hypotheses were proposed. Hypothesis 1 predicted that Americans would prefer individualist ads and Indians would prefer collectivist ads prior to priming. Hypothesis 2 predicted that after an individualist prime, participants would prefer collectivist ads. Hypothesis 3 predicted that even after a collectivist prime, Americans would not like collectivist ads as much as Indians would, and even after an individualist prime, Indians would not like individualist ads as much as Americans would. The hypotheses were not supported, as no significant differences in ad or product ratings were found either between cultures or between prime conditions. Lack of support for the hypotheses may have been due to poor internal validity (particularly a small sample size), inappropriateness or ineffectiveness of priming for advertising, or more fundamental problems with individualism/collectivism theory for explaining culture.
Cliff McKinney, 2002
The African-American stereotype of intelligence and the confirmation thereof was investigated. In order to examine this, two participants were assigned to each other. One participant, the perceiver, was told that the other participant, the target, was either Africa-American or White and of high or low intelligence. This was done in order to activate stereotypic assumptions about the target. The perceiver and target carried on a conversation that was analyzed for evidence of the African-American stereotype and confirmation. Analyses showed perceivers viewed themselves and targets differently according to race and IQ depending on the perceivers’ level of modern racism and that targets had a tendency to confirm perceivers’ expectations.
Yukiko Yoshita, 1998
Most studies concerning sexual harassment have been conducted examining gender differences. Many of them were conducted in United States, with US samples. However, those studies that have examined cross-cultural differences have had mixed results. The present study examined cultural difference attitudes towards sexual harassment behaviors, and Employment Practices Liability Insurance (EPLI). Japanese and US college students responded to a survey examining their attitude towards sexual harassment behavior, retaliation against the harasser, and attitude towards EPLI. The US subject group reported higher means on all three sexual harassment behavior factors: ratings the properness of the sexual harassment behavior, frequency of the incidents, and whether justice was demanded, and the acceptance of the insurance, likelihood of retaliation, and negative impact of EPLI than the Japanese subject group. The results revealed that there are considerable cross-cultural differences in sexual harassment attitudes between Japanese and US citizens.
Lori Parker, 1995
This study was conducted to examine how persons in Latino (collectivist) and Anglo-American (individualist) cultures differ in consumer product decision making, how differences in self-consciousness and self-monitoring between collectivist and individualist cultures mediate this relationship, and how decision making criteria are affected by culture and personality. Hui and Lee’s (1994) Individualism/Collectivism Scale (INDCOL) was used to measure collectivist tendencies, and Snyder’s (1974) Self-monitoring Scale (SMS) and Fenigstein et al.’s (1975) Self-Consciousness Scale (SCS) were uses to assess personality. Also, subjects responded to national and bargain brand product descriptions on scales designed within the context of Azjen and Fishbein’s (1977) model of reasoned action.
As predicted, Latinos showed more collectivists tendencies than did Anglo-Americans. Hypothesized differences in self-monitoring were confirmed with Anglo-Americans scoring higher than Latinos on this measure. The prediction for self-consciousness stating that Anglo-Americans would score higher than Latinos in public self-consciousness was supported. However, the prediction stating that Latinos would score higher than Anglo-Americans in private self-consciousness was not supported. As predicted, Latinos place more weight on social norms when making consumer product decisions and Anglo-Americans placed more weight on attitudes. The implications of these findings for international marketing are discussed.
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